If you have ever tried communicating with a device on a private network, you may have encountered Network Address Translation (NAT). Fundamentally, when one device needs to send data to another device, it needs to know how to address it. On IP-based networks, devices are addressed using an IP address. Unfortunately, the number of connected devices has long outpaced the number of unique addresses in the IPv4 address space. Because of this, public IP addresses have to be shared between devices, wh...