14 Pages Posted: 22 Oct 2024 Abstract Battery storage systems are becoming an integral part of the energy transition, as they offer the possibility of bridging time windows in which self-generated renewable energy is not available and they are able to deliver manifold system services to the grid. The most battery storage systems are today found in home storage systems (HSS) and electric vehicles (EV), and their growth continues exponentially. Despite this upside development, there are public con...