Coz: Finding Code that Counts with Causal Profiling by Charlie Curtsinger and Emery Berger Coz is a profiler for native code (C/C++/Rust) that unlocks optimization opportunities missed by traditional profilers. Coz employs a novel technique called causal profiling that measures optimization potential. It predicts what the impact of optimizing code will have on overall throughput or latency. Profiles generated by Coz show the "bang for buck" of optimizing a line of code in an application. In the ...