Cite this report Executive Summary Our forensic analysis of publicly released AI models finds evidence that DeepSeek, Moonshot AI, MiniMax and Ant Group have gained access to NVIDIA’s Blackwell GPUs, despite restrictions on exporting these chips to China, and are using that hardware to create their AI models. Six models released by these companies since April 2026 contain numerical patterns matching Blackwell hardware, whereas earlier models from the same companies match NVIDIA’s older Hopper ge...