Huawei Technologies Co. is preparing to sharply ramp up production of its most advanced artificial intelligence chips over the next year, aiming to win customers in the world’s biggest semiconductor market while Nvidia Corp. struggles with geopolitical headwinds.The Chinese company plans to make about 600,000 of its marquee 910C Ascend chips next year, roughly double this year’s level, people familiar with the matter said, asking for anonymity to discuss private information. Huawei had struggled...