The Apollo 11 Moon landing encouraged humankind to consider and investigate life beyond Earth more than 50 years ago1. However, in contrast to its lightning-fast success in terms of the remarkable technology development of the Mercury, Gemini and Apollo programs, human space exploration has been confined in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for the past 50 years. Nevertheless, other space agencies, such as the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), have joined the two...